The challenges of the tradable-permits use in transport sector

Abstract

All recent technological improvements and changes in transport sector: substitution of fuels, increased use of diesel vehicles, direct gasoline injection, supercharging, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., cannot offset massive growth in traffic, combined with significantly heavier, more powerful, more luxurious and thus more fuel consuming vehicles. Increasingly stringent standards, related to fuel quality and technology of vehicle engines, prove not to be a life-saving solution either to problems of energy consumption, nor to CO2 emission. Focusing on the implementation of increasingly strict energy and emission standards, the effect of the rapid increase in the use of motor vehicles on the degree of energy consumption and air pollution is completely neglected. Hence, in this article we focused on the market-driven instruments that can reduce transport demand, especially on the challenges of tradable permits use in transport.

Sva skorašnja tehnološka poboljšanja u sferi saobraćaja: korišćenje energetski efikasnijih goriva, porast učešća dizel-vozila, poboljšano (direktno) ubrizgavanje goriva, uvođenje električnih i hibridnih vozila itd., nisu u stanju da ponište efekat dramatičnog porasta obima putničkih kilometara, niti sve većeg korišćenja znatno težih, komfornijih, energetski sve zahtevnijih motornih vozila. Sve oštriji standardi vezani za kvalitet goriva i tehnologiju motora, ne predstavljaju spasonosno rešenje ni za probleme potrošnje energije, niti za emisiju CO2. Fokusiranjem isključivo na standarde se, u stvari, samo zanemaruje uticaj naglog porasta korišćenja motornih vozila na potrošnju energije i zagađenje vazduha. Stoga smo se u ovom radu orijentisali na tržišne ekonomske instrumente koji mogu da smanje obim tražnje za saobraćajem - posebno na izazove primene transferabilnih dozvola u saobraćaju.