Summer courses in the function of preparing teachers for work in Serbian religious schools in Romania

Abstract

In the countries in which Serbian people is the minority population, the role of the teacher in Serbian schools is of a great significance for preserving culture, tradition and national identity. During the whole period of its existence, Serbian primary schools in Romania will face the problem of chronic shortage of professionals - teachers. This paper is on the role and significance of summer courses in preparing teachers for work in Serbian religious primary schools in Romania. Studying and analysis of pedagogical documents about preparation of teachers for teaching in the summer courses, we came to conclusion that these data represent significant pedagogical heritage, after all in the part of struggle for preserving continuity in schooling of Serbian teachers in the territory of the present Romania. Summer courses for preparation of teachers were held in Temishvar in the period 1920 -1929. During six courses, there were 18 candidates who managed to get teachers' diplomas at state teachers' colleges. In this way shortage of professionals was diminished in a way, and teachers' posts were filled with teachers who performed teaching in the mother tongue - Serbian language. Preparing professionals, summer courses gave and immense contribution to preserving Serbian Orthodox schools, at that time for the Serbian population, the only schools where mother tongue was used.

U zemljama u kojima srpski narod čini manjinsko stanovništvo, uloga učitelja u srpskim školama izuzetno je značajna za očuvanje kulture, tradicije i nacionalnog identiteta. Tokom čitavog perioda postojanja, srpske osnovne škole u Rumuniji bile su suočene sa problemom hroničnog nedostatka stručnih kadrova - učitelja. U radu se razmatra uloga i značaj letnjih tečajeva u pripremanju učitelja za rad u srpskim veroispovednim osnovnim školama u Rumuniji. Proučavanjem i analizom pedagoške dokumentacije o pripremanju učitelja za nastavu putem letnjih tečajeva, došli smo do zaključka da ovi podaci predstavljaju značajno pedagoško nasleđe, pre svega u delu borbe za očuvanje kontinuiteta u školovanju srpskog učiteljskog kadra na teritoriji današnje Rumunije. Letnji tečajevi za pripremanje učitelja održavani su u Temišvaru u periodu od 1920 do 1929. godine. Tokom šest tečajeva osposobljeno je 18 kandidata koji su uspeli da steknu učiteljske diplome na državnim učiteljskim školama. Na taj način je donekle ublažen nedostatak kadrova, a učiteljska mesta popunjena učiteljima koji su realizovali nastavu na maternjem - srpskom jeziku. Pripremanjem stručnih kadrova letnji tečajevi dali su značajan doprinos očuvanju srpskih pravoslavnih veroispovednih škola, u tom periodu za srpsko stanovništvo jedinih škola sa nastavom na maternjem jeziku.