The qualification degree of workers as a factor of commuting in Serbia

Abstract

This article deals with education as an important determinant of the spatial mobility of population. Degree of migrants' education is associated with decision about migration and also with distance and direction of migration flows. This can be seen both in the case of definite migration as well as in the case of commuting. In this research we have carried out the rating and categorization of Serbian municipalities according to the share of convergent commuters in the total number of commuters, the share of convergent workers - commuters with college and university education, as well as according to average qualification degree of workers - commuters that live in those municipalities. Calculated index scores of dissimilarities of convergent and divergent commuters according to the achieved qualification degree presents the share of population which has to be reallocated among the educational groups in order to make educational structure of commuters who move towards individual municipalities the same as the structure of labor force that has these municipalities as the starting points.

Obrazovanje je veoma važan faktor uticaja na proces prostorne pokretljivosti stanovništva. Stepen obrazovanja migranata povezan je ne samo sa verovatnoćom učešća već i sa razdaljinom i smerom migracije, kako kada je reč o definitivnoj tako i kada je reč o dnevnoj migraciji. U radu je izvršena ocena i kategorizacija opština Srbije prema udelu ulaznih dnevnih migranata, prema udelu više i visoko obrazovanih koji dolaze na posao u druge opštine, kao i prema prosečnoj kvalifikaciji radnika prema mestu stanovanja. Izračunate vrednosti indeksa različitosti konvergentnih dnevnih migranata prema dostignutom stepenu stručne spreme pokazuju udeo u populaciji koji bi se morao preraspodeliti između obrazovnih grupa da bi obrazovna struktura dnevnih migranata koji idu u smeru pojedinačnih opština bila ista kao struktura radne snage kojoj su ove opštine polazište.