GIS-based Landslide Susceptibility Mapping and Assessment using MCDM-BWM: A Case Study - City od Smederevo (Serbia)

Abstract

Landslides and slope processes constitute one of the most frequent natural hazards in valleys near major rivers and mountainous regions. The surface layer, characterized by its relatively loose composition, is prone to sliding due to a combination of distinct natural and human-related factors (i.e. landslide causal factors (CF)). Along the right bank of the Danube River, specific sections of Smederevo city face considerable susceptibility to landslide activation, frequently resulting in substantial material losses and posing a risk to the local populace. This study entails on-site investigation, involving the mapping of recent landslides, coupled with database analysis through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and advanced remote sensing techniques. The initial analysis encompasses geological characteristics, morphometric conditions, hydrological and climatic factors, as well as anthropogenic influences such as land use, all contributing to soil instability. Employing GIS alongside the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) technique, specifically the Best-Worst Method (BWM), yielded insights into landslide susceptibility within the territory of Smederevo city respectively. By visualizing areas highly prone to such disastrous occurrences, policymakers are empowered to enact more suitable environmental protection measures and institute sustainable management practices for agricultural parcels in this region.