TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ristić, Ratko
AU  - Marković, Aleksandar
AU  - Radić, Boris
AU  - Nikić, Zoran
AU  - Vasiljević, Nevena
AU  - Živković, Nenad
AU  - Dragićević, Slavoljub
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://gery.gef.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/424
AB  - Construction or improvement of Serbian ski resorts produced numerous negative effects to surrounding environment, endangering even the functionality of the built objects. Investigation involved the analysis of disturbing activities by phases, and consequential environmental impacts. Clear cuttings, trunk transport, machine grading of slopes, huge excavations, and access road construction, caused the strongest pressure to the environment. Follow up activities during skiing and non skiing periods: skiing, usage of snow groomers, moving of vehicles and tourists, forestry activities and overgrazing. Consequential environmental impacts are clearly noticeable through intensive erosion processes, changes of hydrological conditions and forest fragmentation. The most affected ski runs were surveyed (scale 1:1000), all damages were mapped and classified during the summers of 2007-2010. Development of rills and gullies was measured at experimental plots (100x60 m), integrating survey data into GIS application. Changes of hydrological conditions were estimated on computations of maximal discharges before and after the construction of ski resorts, as well as using,local hydrological records. Forest fragmentation is studied on the basis of detailed survey and field work.
PB  - Baia Mare : North University of Baia Mare
T2  - Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences
T1  - Environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
SP  - 125
EP  - 134
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_424
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ristić, Ratko and Marković, Aleksandar and Radić, Boris and Nikić, Zoran and Vasiljević, Nevena and Živković, Nenad and Dragićević, Slavoljub",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Construction or improvement of Serbian ski resorts produced numerous negative effects to surrounding environment, endangering even the functionality of the built objects. Investigation involved the analysis of disturbing activities by phases, and consequential environmental impacts. Clear cuttings, trunk transport, machine grading of slopes, huge excavations, and access road construction, caused the strongest pressure to the environment. Follow up activities during skiing and non skiing periods: skiing, usage of snow groomers, moving of vehicles and tourists, forestry activities and overgrazing. Consequential environmental impacts are clearly noticeable through intensive erosion processes, changes of hydrological conditions and forest fragmentation. The most affected ski runs were surveyed (scale 1:1000), all damages were mapped and classified during the summers of 2007-2010. Development of rills and gullies was measured at experimental plots (100x60 m), integrating survey data into GIS application. Changes of hydrological conditions were estimated on computations of maximal discharges before and after the construction of ski resorts, as well as using,local hydrological records. Forest fragmentation is studied on the basis of detailed survey and field work.",
publisher = "Baia Mare : North University of Baia Mare",
journal = "Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences",
title = "Environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts",
volume = "6",
number = "2",
pages = "125-134",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_424"
}

Ristić, R., Marković, A., Radić, B., Nikić, Z., Vasiljević, N., Živković, N.,& Dragićević, S.. (2011). Environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts. in Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Baia Mare : North University of Baia Mare., 6(2), 125-134.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_424

Ristić R, Marković A, Radić B, Nikić Z, Vasiljević N, Živković N, Dragićević S. Environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts. in Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences. 2011;6(2):125-134.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_424 .

Ristić, Ratko, Marković, Aleksandar, Radić, Boris, Nikić, Zoran, Vasiljević, Nevena, Živković, Nenad, Dragićević, Slavoljub, "Environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts" in Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 6, no. 2 (2011):125-134,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_424 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ristić, Ratko
AU  - Radić, Boris
AU  - Nikić, Zoran
AU  - Trivan, Goran
AU  - Vasiljević, Nevena
AU  - Dragićević, Slavoljub
AU  - Živković, Nenad
AU  - Radosavljević, Zoran
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://gery.gef.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/399
AB  - Torrential floods represent the most frequent phenomenon within the category of 'natural risks' in Serbia. The representative examples are the torrential floods on the experimental watersheds of the rivers Manastirica (June 1996) and Kamišna (May 2007). Hystorical maximal discharges (Qmaxh) were reconstructed by use of 'hydraulics flood traces' method. Computations of maximal discharges (Qmaxc), under hydrological conditions after the restoration of the watersheds, were performed by use of a synthetic unit hydrograph theory and Soil Conservation Service methodology. Area sediment yields and intensity of erosion processes were estimated on the basis of the 'Erosion Potential Method'. The actual state of erosion processes is represented by the coefficients of erosion Z=0.475 (Manastirica) and Z=0.470 (Kamišna). Restoration works have been planned with a view to decreasing yields of erosive material, increasing water infiltration capacity and reducing flood runoff. The planned state of erosion processes is represented by the coefficients of erosion Z=0.343 (Manastirica) and Z=0.385 (Kamišna). The effects of hydrological changes were estimated by the comparison of historical maximal discharges and computed maximal discharges (under the conditions after the planned restoration). The realisation of restoration works will help decrease annual yields of erosive material from Wa=24357 m3 to Wa=16198.0 m3 (Manastirica) and from Wa=19974 m3 to Wa=14434 m3 (Kamišna). The values of historical maximal discharges (QmaxhMan=154.9 m3·s-1; QmaxhKam=76.3 m3·s-1) were significantly decreased after the restoration (QmaxcMan=84.5 m3 ·s-1; QmaxcKam=43.7 m3·s-1), indicating the improvement of hydrological conditions, as a direct consequence of erosion and torrent control works. Integrated management involves biotechnical works on the watershed, technical works on the hydrographic network within a precisely defined administrative and spatial framework in order to achieve maximum security for people and their property and to meet other requirements such as: environmental protection, sustainable soil usage, drinking water supply, rural development, biodiversity sustaining, etc. The lowest and the most effective level is attained through PAERs (Plans for announcement of erosive regions) and PPTFs (Plans for protection from torrential floods), with HZs (Hazard zones) and TAs (Threatened areas) mapping on the basis of spatial analysis of important factors in torrential floods formation. Solutions defined through PAERs and PPTFs must be integrated into Spatial Plans at local and regional levels.
PB  - Beograd : Institut za arhitekturu i urbanizam Srbije
T2  - Spatium
T1  - Erosion control and protection from torrential floods in Serbia-spatial aspects
IS  - 25
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
DO  - 10.2298/SPAT1125001R
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_399
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ristić, Ratko and Radić, Boris and Nikić, Zoran and Trivan, Goran and Vasiljević, Nevena and Dragićević, Slavoljub and Živković, Nenad and Radosavljević, Zoran",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Torrential floods represent the most frequent phenomenon within the category of 'natural risks' in Serbia. The representative examples are the torrential floods on the experimental watersheds of the rivers Manastirica (June 1996) and Kamišna (May 2007). Hystorical maximal discharges (Qmaxh) were reconstructed by use of 'hydraulics flood traces' method. Computations of maximal discharges (Qmaxc), under hydrological conditions after the restoration of the watersheds, were performed by use of a synthetic unit hydrograph theory and Soil Conservation Service methodology. Area sediment yields and intensity of erosion processes were estimated on the basis of the 'Erosion Potential Method'. The actual state of erosion processes is represented by the coefficients of erosion Z=0.475 (Manastirica) and Z=0.470 (Kamišna). Restoration works have been planned with a view to decreasing yields of erosive material, increasing water infiltration capacity and reducing flood runoff. The planned state of erosion processes is represented by the coefficients of erosion Z=0.343 (Manastirica) and Z=0.385 (Kamišna). The effects of hydrological changes were estimated by the comparison of historical maximal discharges and computed maximal discharges (under the conditions after the planned restoration). The realisation of restoration works will help decrease annual yields of erosive material from Wa=24357 m3 to Wa=16198.0 m3 (Manastirica) and from Wa=19974 m3 to Wa=14434 m3 (Kamišna). The values of historical maximal discharges (QmaxhMan=154.9 m3·s-1; QmaxhKam=76.3 m3·s-1) were significantly decreased after the restoration (QmaxcMan=84.5 m3 ·s-1; QmaxcKam=43.7 m3·s-1), indicating the improvement of hydrological conditions, as a direct consequence of erosion and torrent control works. Integrated management involves biotechnical works on the watershed, technical works on the hydrographic network within a precisely defined administrative and spatial framework in order to achieve maximum security for people and their property and to meet other requirements such as: environmental protection, sustainable soil usage, drinking water supply, rural development, biodiversity sustaining, etc. The lowest and the most effective level is attained through PAERs (Plans for announcement of erosive regions) and PPTFs (Plans for protection from torrential floods), with HZs (Hazard zones) and TAs (Threatened areas) mapping on the basis of spatial analysis of important factors in torrential floods formation. Solutions defined through PAERs and PPTFs must be integrated into Spatial Plans at local and regional levels.",
publisher = "Beograd : Institut za arhitekturu i urbanizam Srbije",
journal = "Spatium",
title = "Erosion control and protection from torrential floods in Serbia-spatial aspects",
number = "25",
pages = "1-6",
doi = "10.2298/SPAT1125001R",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_399"
}

Ristić, R., Radić, B., Nikić, Z., Trivan, G., Vasiljević, N., Dragićević, S., Živković, N.,& Radosavljević, Z.. (2011). Erosion control and protection from torrential floods in Serbia-spatial aspects. in Spatium
Beograd : Institut za arhitekturu i urbanizam Srbije.(25), 1-6.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SPAT1125001R
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_399

Ristić R, Radić B, Nikić Z, Trivan G, Vasiljević N, Dragićević S, Živković N, Radosavljević Z. Erosion control and protection from torrential floods in Serbia-spatial aspects. in Spatium. 2011;(25):1-6.
doi:10.2298/SPAT1125001R
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_399 .

Ristić, Ratko, Radić, Boris, Nikić, Zoran, Trivan, Goran, Vasiljević, Nevena, Dragićević, Slavoljub, Živković, Nenad, Radosavljević, Zoran, "Erosion control and protection from torrential floods in Serbia-spatial aspects" in Spatium, no. 25 (2011):1-6,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SPAT1125001R .,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_399 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nikolić, Jugoslav
AU  - Nikić, Zoran
AU  - Ducić, Vladan
PY  - 2007
UR  - https://gery.gef.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/197
AB  - Runoff is the basic element of the water balance and phase of hydrological cycle influenced by numerous factors. The determination of the influence of certain factors on the runoff process can have strategic importance for planning and control of water resources. The study explores and presents the structure of the total runoff process, as well as the degree of possible influence of various geological terrains on the water runoff in natural conditions.
AB  - Oticaj je osnovni element vodnog bilansa i faza hidrološkog ciklusa na koju utiču mnogobrojni faktori. Određivanje uticaja pojedinih faktora na proces oticaja može imati strateški značaj za planiranje i kontrolu vodnih resursa. U radu se izučava i prikazuje struktura procesa ukupnog oticaja, kao i stepena mogućeg uticaja različitih geoloških podloga na oticaj vode u prirodnim uslovima.
PB  - Beograd : Udruženje šumarskih inženjera i tehničara Srbije
PB  - Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet
T2  - Šumarstvo
T1  - The influence of geological terrain on runoff
T1  - Uticaj geološke podloge na oticaj
VL  - 59
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 39
EP  - 48
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_197
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nikolić, Jugoslav and Nikić, Zoran and Ducić, Vladan",
year = "2007",
abstract = "Runoff is the basic element of the water balance and phase of hydrological cycle influenced by numerous factors. The determination of the influence of certain factors on the runoff process can have strategic importance for planning and control of water resources. The study explores and presents the structure of the total runoff process, as well as the degree of possible influence of various geological terrains on the water runoff in natural conditions., Oticaj je osnovni element vodnog bilansa i faza hidrološkog ciklusa na koju utiču mnogobrojni faktori. Određivanje uticaja pojedinih faktora na proces oticaja može imati strateški značaj za planiranje i kontrolu vodnih resursa. U radu se izučava i prikazuje struktura procesa ukupnog oticaja, kao i stepena mogućeg uticaja različitih geoloških podloga na oticaj vode u prirodnim uslovima.",
publisher = "Beograd : Udruženje šumarskih inženjera i tehničara Srbije, Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu - Šumarski fakultet",
journal = "Šumarstvo",
title = "The influence of geological terrain on runoff, Uticaj geološke podloge na oticaj",
volume = "59",
number = "1-2",
pages = "39-48",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_197"
}

Nikolić, J., Nikić, Z.,& Ducić, V.. (2007). The influence of geological terrain on runoff. in Šumarstvo
Beograd : Udruženje šumarskih inženjera i tehničara Srbije., 59(1-2), 39-48.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_197

Nikolić J, Nikić Z, Ducić V. The influence of geological terrain on runoff. in Šumarstvo. 2007;59(1-2):39-48.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_197 .

Nikolić, Jugoslav, Nikić, Zoran, Ducić, Vladan, "The influence of geological terrain on runoff" in Šumarstvo, 59, no. 1-2 (2007):39-48,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_gery_197 .