TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micić Ponjiger, Tanja
AU  - Lukić, Tin
AU  - Wilby, Robert
AU  - Marković, Slobodan
AU  - Valjarević, Aleksandar
AU  - Dragićević, Slavoljub
AU  - Gavrilov, Milivoj
AU  - Ponjiger, Igor
AU  - Durlević, Uroš
AU  - Milanović, Miško
AU  - Basarin, Biljana
AU  - Mlađan, Dragan
AU  - Mitrović, Nikola
AU  - Grama, Vasile
AU  - Morar, Cezar
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://gery.gef.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1315
AB  - The Western Balkans (WB) region is highly prone to water erosion processes, and therefore, the estimation of rainfall erosivity (R-factor) is essential for understanding the complex relationships between hydro-meteorological factors and soil erosion processes. The main objectives of this study are to (1) estimate the spatial-temporal distribution R-factor across the WB region by applying the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methodology with data for the period between 1991 and 2020 and (2) apply cluster analysis to identify places of high erosion risk, and thereby offer a means of targeting suitable mitigation measures. To assess R-factor variability, the ERA5 reanalysis hourly data (0.25° × 0.25° spatial resolution) comprised 390 grid points were used. The calculations were made on a decadal resolution (i.e., for the 1990s, the 2000s, and the 2010s), as well as for the whole study period (1991–2020). In order to reveal spatial patterns of rainfall erosivity, a k-means clustering algorithm was applied. Visualization and mapping were performed in python using the Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Cartopy libraries. Hourly precipitation intensity and monthly precipitation totals exhibited pronounced variability over the study area. High precipitation values were observed in the SW with a >0.3 mm h−1 average, while the least precipitation was seen in the Pannonian Basin and far south (Albanian coast), where the mean intensity was less than an average of 0.1 mm h−1. R-factor variability was very high for both the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methods. The mean R-factor calculated by RUSLE2 was 790 MJ mm ha−1·h−1·yr−1, which is 58% higher than the mean R-factor obtained from RUSLE (330 MJ mm ha−1·h−1·yr−1). The analysis of the R-factor at decadal timescales suggested a rise of 14% in the 2010s. The k-means algorithm for both the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methods implies better spatial distribution in the case of five clusters (K = 5) regarding the R-factor values. The rainfall erosivity maps presented in this research can be seen as useful tools for the assessment of soil erosion intensity and erosion control works, especially for agriculture and land use planning. Since the R-factor is an important part of soil erosion models (RUSLE and RUSLE2), the results of this study can be used as a guide for soil control works, landscape modeling, and suitable mitigation measures on a regional scale.
PB  - Basel : MDPI
T2  - Atmosphere
T1  - Evaluation of Rainfall Erosivity in the Western Balkans by Mapping and Clustering ERA5 Reanalysis Data
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
SP  - 104
DO  - 10.3390/atmos14010104
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Micić Ponjiger, Tanja and Lukić, Tin and Wilby, Robert and Marković, Slobodan and Valjarević, Aleksandar and Dragićević, Slavoljub and Gavrilov, Milivoj and Ponjiger, Igor and Durlević, Uroš and Milanović, Miško and Basarin, Biljana and Mlađan, Dragan and Mitrović, Nikola and Grama, Vasile and Morar, Cezar",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The Western Balkans (WB) region is highly prone to water erosion processes, and therefore, the estimation of rainfall erosivity (R-factor) is essential for understanding the complex relationships between hydro-meteorological factors and soil erosion processes. The main objectives of this study are to (1) estimate the spatial-temporal distribution R-factor across the WB region by applying the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methodology with data for the period between 1991 and 2020 and (2) apply cluster analysis to identify places of high erosion risk, and thereby offer a means of targeting suitable mitigation measures. To assess R-factor variability, the ERA5 reanalysis hourly data (0.25° × 0.25° spatial resolution) comprised 390 grid points were used. The calculations were made on a decadal resolution (i.e., for the 1990s, the 2000s, and the 2010s), as well as for the whole study period (1991–2020). In order to reveal spatial patterns of rainfall erosivity, a k-means clustering algorithm was applied. Visualization and mapping were performed in python using the Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Cartopy libraries. Hourly precipitation intensity and monthly precipitation totals exhibited pronounced variability over the study area. High precipitation values were observed in the SW with a >0.3 mm h−1 average, while the least precipitation was seen in the Pannonian Basin and far south (Albanian coast), where the mean intensity was less than an average of 0.1 mm h−1. R-factor variability was very high for both the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methods. The mean R-factor calculated by RUSLE2 was 790 MJ mm ha−1·h−1·yr−1, which is 58% higher than the mean R-factor obtained from RUSLE (330 MJ mm ha−1·h−1·yr−1). The analysis of the R-factor at decadal timescales suggested a rise of 14% in the 2010s. The k-means algorithm for both the RUSLE and RUSLE2 methods implies better spatial distribution in the case of five clusters (K = 5) regarding the R-factor values. The rainfall erosivity maps presented in this research can be seen as useful tools for the assessment of soil erosion intensity and erosion control works, especially for agriculture and land use planning. Since the R-factor is an important part of soil erosion models (RUSLE and RUSLE2), the results of this study can be used as a guide for soil control works, landscape modeling, and suitable mitigation measures on a regional scale.",
publisher = "Basel : MDPI",
journal = "Atmosphere",
title = "Evaluation of Rainfall Erosivity in the Western Balkans by Mapping and Clustering ERA5 Reanalysis Data",
volume = "14",
number = "1",
pages = "104",
doi = "10.3390/atmos14010104"
}

Micić Ponjiger, T., Lukić, T., Wilby, R., Marković, S., Valjarević, A., Dragićević, S., Gavrilov, M., Ponjiger, I., Durlević, U., Milanović, M., Basarin, B., Mlađan, D., Mitrović, N., Grama, V.,& Morar, C.. (2023). Evaluation of Rainfall Erosivity in the Western Balkans by Mapping and Clustering ERA5 Reanalysis Data. in Atmosphere
Basel : MDPI., 14(1), 104.
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010104

Micić Ponjiger T, Lukić T, Wilby R, Marković S, Valjarević A, Dragićević S, Gavrilov M, Ponjiger I, Durlević U, Milanović M, Basarin B, Mlađan D, Mitrović N, Grama V, Morar C. Evaluation of Rainfall Erosivity in the Western Balkans by Mapping and Clustering ERA5 Reanalysis Data. in Atmosphere. 2023;14(1):104.
doi:10.3390/atmos14010104 .

Micić Ponjiger, Tanja, Lukić, Tin, Wilby, Robert, Marković, Slobodan, Valjarević, Aleksandar, Dragićević, Slavoljub, Gavrilov, Milivoj, Ponjiger, Igor, Durlević, Uroš, Milanović, Miško, Basarin, Biljana, Mlađan, Dragan, Mitrović, Nikola, Grama, Vasile, Morar, Cezar, "Evaluation of Rainfall Erosivity in the Western Balkans by Mapping and Clustering ERA5 Reanalysis Data" in Atmosphere, 14, no. 1 (2023):104,
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14010104 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Micić Ponjiger, Tanja
AU  - Lukić, Tin
AU  - Basarin, Biljana
AU  - Jokić, Maja
AU  - Wilby, Robert L.
AU  - Pavić, Dragoslav
AU  - Mesaroš, Minučer
AU  - Valjarević, Aleksandar
AU  - Milanović, Miško M.
AU  - Morar, Cezar
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://gery.gef.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1440
AB  - Estimation of rainfall erosivity (RE) and erosivity density (ED) is essential for understanding the complex relationships between hydrological and soil erosion processes. The main objective of this study is to assess the spatial–temporal trends and variability of the RE and ED in the central and southern Pannonian Basin by using station observations and gridded datasets. To assess RE and ED, precipitation data for 14 meteorological stations, 225 grid points. and an erosion model consisting of daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall for the period of 1961–2014 were used. Annual RE and ED based on station data match spatially variable patterns of precipitation, with higher values in the southwest (2100 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and southeast (1650 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) of the study area, but minimal values in the northern part (700 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1). On the other hand, gridded datasets display more detailed RE and ED spatial–temporal variability, with the values ranging from 250 to 2800 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1. The identified trends are showing increasing values of RE (ranging between 0.20 and 21.17 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (ranging between 0.01 and 0.03 MJ·ha−1·h−1) at the annual level. This tendency is also observed for autumn RE (from 5.55 to 0.37 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (from 0.05 to 0.01 MJ·ha−1·h−1), as for spring RE (from 1.00 to 0.01 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (from 0.04 to 0.01 MJ·ha−1·h−1), due to the influence of the large-scale processes of climate variability, with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) being the most prominent. These increases may cause a transition to a higher erosive class in the future, thus raising concerns about this type of hydro-meteorological hazard in this part of the Pannonian Basin. The present analysis identifies seasons and places of greatest erosion risk, which is the starting point for implementing suitable mitigation measures at local to regional scales.
PB  - Basel : MDPI
T2  - Sustainability
T1  - Detailed Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin
VL  - 13
IS  - 23
SP  - 13355
DO  - 10.3390/su132313355
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Micić Ponjiger, Tanja and Lukić, Tin and Basarin, Biljana and Jokić, Maja and Wilby, Robert L. and Pavić, Dragoslav and Mesaroš, Minučer and Valjarević, Aleksandar and Milanović, Miško M. and Morar, Cezar",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Estimation of rainfall erosivity (RE) and erosivity density (ED) is essential for understanding the complex relationships between hydrological and soil erosion processes. The main objective of this study is to assess the spatial–temporal trends and variability of the RE and ED in the central and southern Pannonian Basin by using station observations and gridded datasets. To assess RE and ED, precipitation data for 14 meteorological stations, 225 grid points. and an erosion model consisting of daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall for the period of 1961–2014 were used. Annual RE and ED based on station data match spatially variable patterns of precipitation, with higher values in the southwest (2100 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and southeast (1650 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) of the study area, but minimal values in the northern part (700 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1). On the other hand, gridded datasets display more detailed RE and ED spatial–temporal variability, with the values ranging from 250 to 2800 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1. The identified trends are showing increasing values of RE (ranging between 0.20 and 21.17 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (ranging between 0.01 and 0.03 MJ·ha−1·h−1) at the annual level. This tendency is also observed for autumn RE (from 5.55 to 0.37 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (from 0.05 to 0.01 MJ·ha−1·h−1), as for spring RE (from 1.00 to 0.01 MJ·mm·ha−1·h−1) and ED (from 0.04 to 0.01 MJ·ha−1·h−1), due to the influence of the large-scale processes of climate variability, with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) being the most prominent. These increases may cause a transition to a higher erosive class in the future, thus raising concerns about this type of hydro-meteorological hazard in this part of the Pannonian Basin. The present analysis identifies seasons and places of greatest erosion risk, which is the starting point for implementing suitable mitigation measures at local to regional scales.",
publisher = "Basel : MDPI",
journal = "Sustainability",
title = "Detailed Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin",
volume = "13",
number = "23",
pages = "13355",
doi = "10.3390/su132313355"
}

Micić Ponjiger, T., Lukić, T., Basarin, B., Jokić, M., Wilby, R. L., Pavić, D., Mesaroš, M., Valjarević, A., Milanović, M. M.,& Morar, C.. (2021). Detailed Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin. in Sustainability
Basel : MDPI., 13(23), 13355.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313355

Micić Ponjiger T, Lukić T, Basarin B, Jokić M, Wilby RL, Pavić D, Mesaroš M, Valjarević A, Milanović MM, Morar C. Detailed Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin. in Sustainability. 2021;13(23):13355.
doi:10.3390/su132313355 .

Micić Ponjiger, Tanja, Lukić, Tin, Basarin, Biljana, Jokić, Maja, Wilby, Robert L., Pavić, Dragoslav, Mesaroš, Minučer, Valjarević, Aleksandar, Milanović, Miško M., Morar, Cezar, "Detailed Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin" in Sustainability, 13, no. 23 (2021):13355,
https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313355 . .